Pruning for Robusta coffee after harvest

For Robusta coffee, pruning to create canopy is an important technical measure. The tree pruning this time eliminates branches that are pest free and those that do not bear fruit, especially the toothpick, compete for nutrition (disabled branches) with secondary branches. When pruning the tree properly, it will yield high yield, recover quickly after each harvest, stimulate the germs to grow into secondary branches, produce bigger fruits and limit some pests for coffee garden. . Cutting the branches at the right time will encourage flower sprouts to grow, cutting too early or too late will cause the plant to generate more secondary branches but not form flowers. In case of cutting branches too late, it is difficult for the tree to remove the leaves, leading to the situation that the tree is easily dry. In case of harvesting, if the tree has many dry branches and is exhausted, people should not cut the branches but need to let the tree recover first. When the rainy season comes, the leaves on the trees will return. - Carry out cutting from top to bottom in turn to facilitate observation and select the necessary branches to leave. - When cutting from top to bottom and cutting from the inside out will help people cover the entire tree without missing branches that need to be removed. These branches need to be removed during cutting - Dry branches, branches without leaves, old branches no longer able to bear fruit or branches with pests must be removed immediately. - Secondary branches growing inward into the canopy without going outwards, vertical branches growing upwards or downwards must be removed or it will directly affect the shape and harvest. later, branches that grow in clusters also need to be removed immediately. - Eliminate secondary branches that are located inside the canopy to create conditions for light to shine inside the trees to make the garden more open to reduce harmful pests. - For old branches that still have the ability to bear fruit, cut it short so that the plant concentrates nutrients in the secondary branches that are capable of giving better fruit than quality. 2nd cut branches in a year Taking place in June-July time is the rainy season when the trees have been fully restored and are in the breeding period, people need to conduct pruning and thinning for the trees. Remove all the branches that are invalid in the first branch cutting, the branches need to remove all the remaining healthy branches to nourish for the next season. Should moderate pruning, not too much pruning will cause trees to reduce yield in the next season. When thinning the tree, remove any upside-down branches and upright branches, the branches grow together on the same burner and the innermost branches of the foliage. With coffee garden in the basic construction period, it should not pay too much attention to the stage of branching, but should focus more on shaping the tree. Remove any secondary branches on the coffee tree, and remove toothpicks so that the tree grows quickly to stabilize the original canopy frame. In the process of pruning, attention should be paid to the branches showing signs of deformity such as crooked or appear unusual colors, they must be removed immediately. When cutting branches should not be cut too close to the base of the leaves, but about 2-3 cm away, use clean scissors that are not entangled with pathogens or scissors to cut branches in diseased plants to limit spread. In the process of pruning, it is necessary to combine some other measures such as fertilizing and weeding so that the coffee garden can grow stably and ensure high productivity. Watering Robusta coffee The first time of watering after harvest is most important because it directly affects the differentiation of flower sprouts and fruiting rates of coffee plants. If watering too late will cause the plant to begin to limit moisture tolerance and make it difficult for the coffee plant to recover to its normal state, the plant will wither and be unable to differentiate the flower sprouts. Whereas if watered too early, the plant will not be able to bloom in concentration, causing poor pollination and low productivity. The fruits will ripen scatteredly, not concentrated into a batch, which causes a lot of work to harvest or does not harvest in time, causing a lot of fruit borer. Early watering also causes plants to grow more stems and leaves, to ensure that the amount of water we need to increase the amount of watering leads to additional costs and wastage of water. The appropriate time for first watering is when the tree has differentiated full flowering and has undergone a dry period of 2-3 months. Normally in the Central Highlands, people often water after a month. People can observe the flower sprouts on the branches, if the flower sprouts have fully appeared in the last segment on the branches, watering can be carried out. Phase of the garden Irrigation sprinkler (m3 / ha / time) Root irrigation (liters / root / time) Cycle (day) CC 400-500 200-400 21-25 Business 600-700 400-500 21-25 Particularly for the first irrigation period, the amount of water is 10-15% higher than the quantity. Note: - Depending on the type of soil with heavy mechanical composition, you can water more water than cat soil because of higher effective moisture and can extend irrigation cycle to save watering times. - In the irrigation season, rainfall should be monitored to adjust the number of times for the next water cycles. If the rainfall is between 35 and 40 mm, one irrigation can be omitted. - Only a sufficient amount of water should be irrigated to bring soil moisture in the soil layer from 0- 50 cm, that is, within the range of root system's activity. Fertilizing coffee with Robusta • Using single fertilizers on coffee gardens with medium fertility FERTILIZER WEIGHT (kg / ha / year) Watering 2 Ends Mid End Whole year Urea + SA 200 SA 150 Urea 180 Urea 120 Urea 450 Urea + 200 SA Unicorn 650 650 KCl 30 120 160 120 400 This is the dosage table for coffee gardens with an average yield of 3 tons of coffee beans / ha, if coffee gardens achieve higher yields, every 1 ton, farmers need to fertilize 70 kg N, 20 Kg P2O5 and 70 kg K20 is equivalent to 150 kg of Urea, 100 kg of Lan Van Dien and 120 Kg of KCl. • Mixed NPK fertilizers. The total amount of fertilizer for 1 year of cultivation with the yield of about 3 tons of kernel / ha is usually about 1750-1850 kg divided into 3 times of fertilizing in the rainy season with fertilizer type NPK 16-8-16-13S-TE and 1 application in the dry season with fast-melting NPK fertilizer 20-5-6-TE. The dosage in each application is as follows: - Early rainy season: 500 kg of NPK 16-8-16-13S-TE. - In the middle of rainy season: 650 kg NPK 16-8-16-13S-TE. - At the end of the rainy season: 400 kg NPK 16-8-16-13S-TE. - In the dry season: 200-300 kg of NPK 20-5-16-TE. If other types of fertilizer are used, farmers need to reduce the amount depending on the type of fertilizer used and the actual yield of the garden as long as it ensures the pure amount for the yield of 3 tons of seedlings / ha: - N: 220-250kg pure - P2O5: 80-100kg pure - K2O: 200-230kg pure - Sulfur: 40-60kg pure (had enough if using SA fertilizer) An indispensable part is that people should regularly use organic fertilizer and manure to increase the efficiency of inorganic fertilizer use, helping the soil become porous to help the tree grow. In the process of fertilizing, people need to pay attention to the growth and development of the tree, the pest status of the tree to increase and decrease the amount of fertilizer appropriately. For weak coffee gardens and planted on bad soil, attention should be paid to fertilizer many times. If the soil is acidic, proactively add super phosphate to the soil. To apply a reasonable fertilizer to coffee farmers, they need to follow the main principle: Apply the right type of fertilizer, apply the right amount, in the right time and the right method to re-supply the nutrients that the tree removes. such as providing additional nutrients stored in the tree to keep the coffee tree in the best growth state.